Saturday, July 05, 2003


 
Today's WaPo editorial:
But the ruling -- as Justice Antonin Scalia noted in his angry dissent -- inevitably raises the far more contentious issue of whether such recognition should be extended to gay couples. We think it should, not because the Constitution requires it, but because it is the right thing to do.



 
I THINK IT'S A TREND:
If different visions of marriage are to coexist peacefully, the government must get out of the marriage approval business. Instead of dictating a one-size-fits-all contract (the terms of which can be retroactively changed by legislators, as happened with the ��no fault�� divorce revolution), the government simply should enforce the voluntary agreements of people who want to build a life together.
I am seeing this idea more and more. It's understandable, given the likelihood of a prolonged, ugly culture war over SSM, but it's amazing, and distressing, to think that we would adopt the most radically anti-marriage solution possible -- doing away with marriage as a legal category -- as a way of getting out of this mess.


Thursday, July 03, 2003
 
Ken Connor has just resigned as president of the Family Research Council. Is the Religious Right fading out? It seems odd that he'd resign just as the SSM debate is heating up.


 
What's worse than a "sexless marriage"?


 
FROM THE LEFT: Eric Alterman on Murdoch media:
If you click on this story about the Kennedy/Cuomo breakup, The New York Post gives you �sponsored links� to �Divorce online� and �Easy online divorce.� What�s up with that? Are people supposed to say, �Oh, Andy Cuomo and Kerry Kennedy are getting divorced, maybe I should too?� Should a Rupert Murdoch property be promoting this marriage-destroying device? Um, yes, actually, given Rupert�s ditching his own for a newer model�.



 
WHO OPPOSES SAME-SEX MARRIAGE? In response to my earlier post calling for a more balanced debate about s-s-m, a reader responds:
The reason filmmakers can cut to a cranky old Southern white guy with a big placard screaming about how "God Hates Homos" is that, probably, the majority of people against gay marriage are against it for reasons similar to this--either they are bigoted and hate gay people, or have no reservations whatsoever in marginalizing the gay community. They're probably not pro-civil unions, or for equal benefits, or anything like that. I doubt anybody but those in the intellectual pro-marriage movement really put any thought into serious arguments--about how gays getting married will affect the future of the institution.

So yes, putting the arguments of Stanley Kurtz et al. against pro-gay-marriage arguments makes intellectual sense when you're discussing good policy decisions. But in terms of numbers of people, these articles really can't avoid focussing on what the majority of the country is thinking.

The reader makes a legitimate point. Many opponents of same-sex marriage oppose almost any steps toward greater rights and social acceptance for gays and lesbians. But is it true that the majority of people who oppose s-s-m are bigots who don't care about equal respect and dignity for gays? I don't know. National surveys show much greater support for anti-discrimination laws and "civil unions" than for same-sex marriage. But the fear of being lumped in with bigots and those who have no concern for supporting gay relationships is why many who have concerns about same-sex marriage stay quiet. Of course, that problem is made worse by a mainstream media that portrays the opposition as sign-waving yahoos and doesn't give Stanley Kurtz et al. a space to make their case.


 
MEANWHILE: While we debate SSM, a store in Greenville, S.C. have given some money to a local fatherhood program in which unmarried fathers who are behind in child support payments, sometimes as an alternative to jail, participate in an educational program to help them to be better fathers to their children, and, if possible, better partners for the mothers. Pretty mundane, huh, compared to the SSM debate? But I'll take it, any day of the week.


 
HELPING YOUR TODDLER DEAL WITH DIVORCE, Part II:

The very brief article below, from Parenting Magazine, purports to offer advice to divorcing parents of a toddler. A psychologist is quoted saying that parents should keep information about the divorce very simple and practical. And a recently divorced mom of a little girl says:

�[My ex-husband] keeps the schedule pretty much the same as I would keep it here. So it's not a big culture shock to go from here to there.�

Interestingly, this mom picks up on the idea of a �culture shock� for the toddler, evocative of my suggestion in my own research (scroll down to "Children of Divorce") that a child of divorce must travel between divorced parents� increasingly different worlds. But the mom feels that keeping the �schedule� of naps, feedings, and bedtimes the same is enough to negate the culture shock.

As someone whose parents divorced when I was two, I remember being excited going to visit my father and relieved to be reunited with my mother, because I always missed one of them when I was with the other. But even though there was a pretty similar schedule in each place, and they were both loving parents, I also remember being disoriented waking up some mornings after arriving at my father�s, not sure at first where I was. I remember profound differences in lifestyles at my mom and dad�s, because each of them had habits and household rules that would not have been tolerated at the other house. I remember very different sibling relationships at each home, with a younger half-brother at my mom�s, and with a similar-aged step-sister at my dad�s. I could go on and on.

There is a culture shock for the child in traveling between her parents� two worlds, and the potentially different schedule is only the least of it.



 
HOW TO BE A BETTER PARENT, Part II: I too read Jane Brody�s amazing column on Tuesday (while away on vacation), and was also fascinated to read that all gay families are �harmonious,� and that we het parents can learn from them.

Parenting is a challenge, and I am happy to learn from any good models I see around me. But, if I were gay, I think I would be rather offended by a peculiar, universalizing kind of discrimination that Brody so breathlessly employs. Apparently, if I am gay, I am not allowed to fight with my partner, or be a selfish parent at times, and if I struggle with problems of abuse, addiction, or infidelity in my relationship those problems are ignored, because after all I am supposed to be living in the �harmonious� family model where such problems do not exist.

Further, if I am a child growing up in such a family, I am not allowed to complain of any problems, because society has decided that � unlike all those families headed by straight parents, mired in sexist gender roles and profound dysfunction � I grew up in an ideal family model, in which sameness of sex among the parents apparently cancels out any potential for conflict or unhappiness.



 

"Helping your toddler deal with divorce":
"It's very helpful to be very clear, direct and keep it simple. �Mommy and Daddy are not going to be married. They're going to live in different houses. You'll sometimes live with Mommy, and sometimes live with Daddy.' Just very, very practical,� said Dr. Alison Johnson, a child psychologist.





 
"Marriage has substantially declined in popularity over the last decade in Kidderminster and Wyre Forest - but co-habitation is on the up, according to new census data. Worcestershire County Council researchers have analysed the 2001 census and have found the percentage of married households in Kidderminster, Stourport and Bewdley has dropped by a third since 1991. The number of married households stood at 60 per cent in the 1991 census but this dropped to 41 per cent in 2001. The number of co-habiting households rose by six per cent to nine per cent, however, and this trend is reflected across the whole county."


Wednesday, July 02, 2003
 
"NON-ISSUES":
The old battles over family structure and sexual orientation are things of the past, as foreign to young Canadians today as debates over segregation. Who you want to have sex with, which god you choose to worship, or how many parents you have are non-issues. Young Canadians hold this social tolerance -- this freedom -- as a moral principle.
Let's see if I've got this straight. For children and young people, "how many parents you have" is a non-issue, and any older person who thinks otherwise is a bigot. Well, that clears that up!


 
ABOLISH MARRIAGE: Michael Kinsley, whose columns I usually agree with, argues that we should abolish marriage as a legal institution. Why? Well, because the debate over same-sex marriage will get boring. Seriously, that's the main reason he offers. I'm about as tired of the s-s-m debate as anyone, but radically changing a key social institution like marriage by privatizing it (which is a far more radical change than legalizing same-sex marriage) deserves far more serious analysis. Only a political pundit whose overriding goal is to make counterintuitive and original arguments could make this argument. Or find it at all convincing.


 
THE ONION truly publishes some of the most insightful commentary on contemporary family issues. This week in the news: "Yard Sale Reeks Of Divorce" and a column from a cut-rate sperm donor.


 
Mary Parke of CLASP summarizes the marriage-related provisions in TANF reauthorization legislation for all you policy wonks out there.


 
Are men more promiscuous? Or do women just lie more?


 
From Reason, a libertarian view of "same-sex divorce" and the need to "privatize" marriage much more thoroughly.


 
FROM AUSTRALIA:
An eclectic assortment of men's groups, family law reformers, church groups and academics has attracted the support of some prominent male politicians to promote fatherhood. Labor MP Mark Latham, Children and Youth Affairs Minister Larry Anthony, One Nation senator Len Harris, independent senator Brian Harradine and Senate president Paul Calvert, turned out yesterday to help the Fathering Forum launch its 12-point plan for fathers. The draft plan includes establishing a Ministry of Fatherhood or an Office for the Status of Fatherhood and redressing the "gross inequity" between funding for men's and women's issues.
Is the fatherhood movement coming to Australia? I think that would be good news, so long as it's not dominated, as I worry it might be, by angry divorced fathers. Anyone from Australia want to send in a report?

More on this story here.


 
SMELLING SALT, PLEASE: An article on marriage in a college newspaper that's NOT about you-know-what.




 
Yesterday I linked Steve Chapman's article on SSM as an embodiment of "conservative values." Stanley Kurtz disagrees and then some.


Tuesday, July 01, 2003
 
Recently I referred to a study purporting to show that:
Children of divorced parents who are separated from one parent due to the custodial or non-custodial parent moving beyond an hour's drive from the other parent are significantly less well off on many child mental and physical health measures compared to those children whose parents don't relocate after divorce ...
Well, Judith Wallerstein just sent me her first-draft comments, and they are devastating. If this study holds up at all under any kind of scrutiny, I'll be very surprised. More to come soon, I hope.


 
"Childless couples are expected to become the most common family type within three years, according to Statistics New Zealand."


 
FAIRNESS: I don't have a favorite side in the same-sex marriage debate, but I like to see a fair, open debate. That rarely happens. A while ago I saw an interesting film ("Wedding Advice: Speak Now or Forever Hold Your Peace") that took a rather ambivalent approach to the institution of marriage. But the filmmakers were quite supportive of same-sex marriage. (Indeed, it's odd how many of those who express ambivalence about marriage quickly become pro-marriage converts once you add the "same-sex" qualifier.) The film featured numerous same-sex couples who talked about their desire to marry. My heart went out to them. But then the filmmakers cut to an cranky old Southern white guy with a big placard screaming about how "God Hates Homosexuality" or whatever. That's no fair. That's a cheap shot. But it's kind of the stuff one expects from artsy-lefty filmmakers who are more interested in challenging boring bourgois values than their own enlightened, countercultural views.

But Newsweek? The current cover of Newsweek has an attractive same-sex couple on it and asks, "Is Gay Marriage Next?" Who is photographed to represent the opposition? That cranky old Southern white guy holding up a sign about Hellfire and Sin. The article isn't much better, with the anti voices all coming from the Religious Right. And if anyone is likely to make me more pro-same-sex marriage, it's folks like Lou Sheldon and Gary Bauer. If they really cared about resisting same-sex marriage, they'd politely decline interviews and refer reporters to Stanley Kurtz, Maggie Gallagher, and others who make thoughtful, secular arguments against same-sex marriage that are not rooted in an anti-gay animus.

Don't think this technique of juxtaposing heart-string pulling stories with angry (and possibly hateful) religious right-wingers is unfair? Consider this alternative: a film respectfully interviews Stanley Kurtz, Robert P. George, and Maggie Gallagher. Then the film cuts to these guys. That'd be no fair.


 
Columnist Steve Chapman on the SSM debate.


 
"Most Americans oppose marriage between same-sex couples, but a majority of young adults think such unions should be recognized by the law, according to a USA Today/CNN/Gallup Poll released Monday."




 
Responding to this post on the same-sex marriage debate, a reader says:
One of the arguments against same-sex marriage is that the simple fact of allowing gays to marry will weaken marriage. I think the point Rick tried to make is that gays are not the ones who are weakening marriage, hetros are. All of the problems with marriage have been created by hetros, not gays. Same-sex couples aren't even allowed to get married so how can they be responsible for the weakened condition of marriage? Allowing same-sex couples to marry won't further weaken marriage and may just strengthen it. We won't know for certain until we allow gays to marry. From a purely civil point of view, whether or not gays will weaken marriage is really beside the point. Civil marriage is disallowed to a group of otherwise qualified people simply because of the gender of their partner. As a civil matter straight people can marry and form either strong or weak partnerships - the government does not regulate the quality of the marriage, nor should it. It is a false argument to use the weakening of marriage (a value judgment) to justify denying gays the right to civil marriage.



 
2002 BIRTH DATA: Last week, when blogger was down, NCHS released its preliminary 2002 data on births. The percentage of births that were out of wedlock increased to 33.8 percent, up from 33.5 percent in 2001. However, the proportion for black births declined from 68.4 percent in 2001 to 68.0 percent in 2002.


 
HOW TO BE A BETTER PARENT: An amazing article in today's NYTs by Jane Brody, the health reporter, on gay parents. Brody has consulted the scholars, and it turns out that, every day and in every way, gay parents are doing a fantastic job and their children are doing wonderfully. In fact, all the evidence suggests that gays are better parents than heteros! Thus: "Perhaps many heterosexual couples with children and less than harmonious households could learn something."

Put aside for a moment where you stand on the issue of same-sex marriage or, for that matter, homosexuality. What's interesting about this article, and apparently the study on which it is based, is the complete absence of any sense of balance, of exploring or even recognizing the existence of legitimately difficult questions. Instead, what we get is full-throated cheerleading backed by moral zeal, all purportedly in the guise of reporting on a new study.

We've seen this before, when the issue was heteros. In the early 1970s, when the divorce revolution was still young, lots of studies "proved" that, every day and in every way, single and divorced parents do a fantastic job and all their children are above average. The exact same arguments were deployed. What matters is the quality of the relationship, not the family structure. Alternative forms in fact are better in many ways, since they are less hierarchical, teach children tolerance, etc. And difficult and seemingly obvious questions, such as whether a child needs a mother and a father, are deemed too irrelevant even to discuss.

Twenty years from now, irrespective of how today's debate over same-sex mariage will have worked out, I think that we will look back on these "studies" and on the breathless newspaper accounts of them in pretty much the same way that we now look back on those "all their children are above average" studies and stories that swirled around the divorce debate in the early 70s.


 
OVERSTATEMENT: This weekend, I co-presented a workshop on "The Family Scholar Wars" with Norval Glenn of the University of Texas at the SmartMarriages conference (more to come on the conference). Professor Glenn emphasized the importance of not overstating research results. Over at Fox News, Melissa Pardue of the Heritage Foundation makes this mistake. She writes:
Heritage Foundation research proves that, on average, married people live longer, have a better education, make more money and are less likely to suffer from depression and anxiety.

Meanwhile, the 1996 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health proved children raised in single-parent homes are much more likely to be depressed and to have developmental, behavioral and emotional problems.... (emphasis added)

Pardue should not be using the term "prove." While these studies do show these correlations and there are compelling reasons to think there's a causal link, they do not necessarily prove anything. Also, it's not Heritage Foundation research that supposedly "proves" that married people are happier, more educated, and so on. The research is mostly conducted by academics. And that's a good thing. If the Heritage Foundation were the major source of research that indicates that marriage is beneficial, such research wouldn't have as much legitimacy in the public debate.

Now, there's a good chance I've been guilty of overstating research results at some point (though I hope I never used the term "prove"). It's just that op-eds such as Pardue's give critics an easy target. The evidence that marriage benefits children and adults is strong. There's no need to exaggerate.



Monday, June 30, 2003
 
Almost everyone -- see here and here and here and here and here and here -- seems to believe that recent court decisions in the U.S. and in Canada will make same-sex marriage an increasingly front-burner issue in the U.S.


 
In the San Francisco Chronicle, a columnist arguing for same-sex marriage, quoting a guy at a march named Rick, writes:
"Straight society puts shows like 'The Bachelor' and 'The Bachelorette' on TV -- I can't imagine a bigger threat to the institution of marriage," a businessman named Rick said. "And what is the divorce rate?" It's 50 percent, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Clearly, heterosexuals are the biggest threat to the institution of marriage.
OK, it's now an official trend. A main argument being offered for same-sex marriage is that the heteros have already weakened marriage so much that weakening it some more can't possibly be such a big deal. My question is: Whose mind is this argument supposed to change?


 
FROM THE BOSTON GLOBE: New neurobiological research helps to rehabilitate attachment theory.


 
JOINT CUSTODY (AGAIN): Okay, I'm gonna stop on this topic for today, but I want to tell what happened to me yesterday on the airplane, flying back to New York from the Smart Marriage conference in Reno.

The guy sitting beside me on the plane is with his daughter, age 4, and his two young sons (the sons are sitting in the row head ahead of us). The first thing he does is read the little girl a book, Butterfly Kisses, about a father who loves his daughter very, very much. He reads with great intensity and emotion. I am listening in, touched by his tenderness, and by something else, too. Apparently nowhere in the book, either in the text or in the pictures, is any reference to Mommy. I glance at his hands. No wedding ring. But don't jump to conclusions, I tell myself.

The guy is very attentive to the three kids. The kind of guy you'd see in the supermarket and say to yourself: a good father. The four of them start talking about what's for dinner when they get home. The decision is to go out for either tacos or hamburgers.

When the plane lands, the guy pulls out his cell phone, dials the number, and hands the phone to the little girl. He says "it's a message machine" and starts coaching her, in a whisper, on what to say into the receiver: "The plane landed .. We are in [this city] ... We're having a really good time ... I went on a big slide ... We're doing fun things ... I'll talk to you soon! .... " She hands the phone back to the father, who clicks it off and puts it back into his pocket. They get off the plane.


 
JOINT CUSTODY (CONT.):
My boy is eight now and very much part of my life. He has his own room in the house my partner and I bought last year, and sleeps in it (when he's not trying to sleep in our bed) on Thursday nights of one week and on Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday nights of the next. These school holidays he'll spend most of the time with us, though his mum can't bear the thought of being apart from him for two weeks straight, so he'll be seeing her somewhere in there ... Last Friday my partner, who is eight weeks away from giving birth to our first child, and I took my boy back to his mother's house. He had been with us for eight or nine nights straight, while his mother had been at "sleep school" with her six-month-old baby. The three of us entered the house that my ex and her partner have bought, and chatted with my little boy's stepfather and my little boy's grandmother while my little boy's mother put her other little boy to sleep. Then she came downstairs and we all chatted some more before my partner and I - my little boy's stepmother and his father - left.
As we drove away, a kind of euphoria washed over me. My son frequently talks about us all as his family (the dog makes it into the clan as well), and for that brief moment it really did feel possible that we could co-exist in some kind of extended harmonic state. "That felt fantastic," I told my partner. And it really did.
I know what he's saying, and it's hard not to feel sympathy, but "fantastic" is hardly the word that leaps to my mind as I try to read this story from the little boy's point of view.


 
MORE FROM THE AUSSIE WORK/FAMILY DEBATE: here and here .


 
FROM AUSTRALIA: "Families would receive 15 hours of free child care a week and then have the cost of any further hours capped at 15 per cent of their income, under an ACTU proposal to help parents balance their work and home lives."

To me, the main question for this proposal, or for any other like it, is: does it treat all families equally regardless of the labor force status of the mother, or does it tax one type of family in order to give a benefit to another type? If the proposal is non-discriminatory, my basic response is: great idea!




 
JOINT CUSTODY (CONT.): "Children of divorce whose parents don't live near each other may be at risk for long-term problems, among them poorer health, greater hostility and less financial support for college, new research suggests."

This is an important debate, now apparently heating up here in the U.S. as well as in Australia. In the next few months, the research debate seems to be shaping up as one between Sanford Braver, who co-wrote the study cited above, and Judith Wallerstein. I'm open to changing my mind based on new evidence on child well-being, but for now I lean toward my friend Judy Wallerstein's perspective.

Here's the link for the Braver artice in the Journal of Family Psychology.


 
IN THE NATION, Robert S. Boynton (somewhat condescendingly) reviews Amitai Etzioni's autobiography.


 
FROM AUSTRALIA: More on the joint custody debate.


 
FROM THE SALT LAKE CITY TRIBUNE, a report from the Smart Marriages conference.


 
FROM NEW ZEALAND:
Most New Zealanders (66 percent) believe it is all right for a couple to live together without intending to get married. Very few respondents believe that a bad marriage is better than no marriage at all (3 percent). This is reflected in the fact that just under half of those surveyed (48 percent) agreed that divorce is usually the best solution when couples can�t seem to work out their marriage problems.



 
IN THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR, BRUCE BAUER on
"Female Integration," an explosive new book making headlines and the talk-show circuit here [in Norway]. It's based on a recent report to the Norwegian parliament by the Oslo-based Human Rights Service (HRS) and is being viewed as a window on larger Muslim immigration patterns in the rest of Europe. The book's comprehensive statistical analysis of immigrant marriage patterns in Norway shows that members of most non-Western immigrant groups are, in overwhelming numbers, not only marrying within their own ethnic groups, but marrying partners - often their own cousins - from their countries of origin.